Which health problems are common in the Shih Tzu?
Gum disease, blocked scent glands, ear infections and eye problems are the most common health problems in Shih Tzus, and the short muzzle can make breathing harder. Daily tooth brushing and a quick look at the eyes every day catch most of them early.
Updated November 9, 2026
What should Shih Tzu owners watch for?
Common for the breed doesn't mean your dog will have it.
- Teeth. Gum disease is common in the breed. Bad breath, red gums or tartar are the signs, and daily brushing helps most.
- Eyes. The large eyes are prone to ulcers. Squinting, tearing or a cloudy spot needs a vet visit soon.
- Breathing. The short muzzle can narrow the airway. Loud breathing at rest is not normal, and heat makes it worse, so walk in the cool hours.
- Ears. Ear infections are common. Head shaking, scratching or a smell from the ear are the signs.
- Scent glands. The scent glands under the tail often get blocked. Scooting or licking under the tail means it is time for a vet check.
Which checkups do vets often suggest?
| Checkup | What it is | When |
|---|---|---|
| Eye exam by an ophthalmologist | A specialist checks the eyes for inherited problems. Screening programmes suggest repeating it every year. | Every year |
| Kneecap check | Your vet feels the knees to see whether a kneecap slips out of place. Programmes certify it from 1 year of age. | From 1 year · Once |
| Breathing assessment | A trained vet listens to breathing before and after 3 minutes of brisk walking. Repeated every 2 years from 1 year of age. | From 1 year · Every 2 years |
| Dental check | Your vet looks at the teeth and gums for tartar and gum disease. Ask how often your dog needs one. | Every year |
Your vet decides which checkups fit your pet, and when.
How do I keep a Shih Tzu health record?
VetVitae, a free pet health record app for iPhone, Android and the web, shows these notes on your dog’s profile under Health, and Plan it opens the exam or test with its name filled.
For vaccines, parasites and the signs that can’t wait, see the dog care guide.
This guide is general information, not veterinary advice. Your vet knows your pet.
Sources
- Demography, common disorders and mortality of Shih Tzu dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK, Dale et al., Canine Medicine and Genetics, 2024
- Toy group health testing requirements, American Kennel Club
- Shih Tzu, Breed health and Breed Watch, The Royal Kennel Club
- Respiratory Function Grading Scheme, The Royal Kennel Club and University of Cambridge
- Recommended tests for Shih Tzu, Orthopedic Foundation for Animals
- Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome in Dogs, VCA Animal Hospitals
- Eye Certification, Orthopedic Foundation for Animals
Start a record for your pet.
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